ECOLOGIA DE PAISAGENS APLICADA AO ORDENAMENTO TERRITORIAL E GESTÃO FLORESTAL: PROCEDIMENTO METODOLÓGICOS
DOI:
10.31413/nativa.v7i5.7363Resumo
No sentido de contribuir com o avanço das investigações científicas sobre Ecologia de Paisagens no contexto do ordenamento territorial e gestão florestal de recursos naturais, este estudo teve como objetivo reunir e discutir os principais conceitos e temáticas sobre a Ecologia de Paisagens, a abordar o uso da geotecnologia para análises estruturais e métricas da paisagem. A partir de revisão bibliográfica nacional e internacional, relativamente dos mais clássicos aos mais recentes estudos sobre o assunto. As bases dos periódicos científicos utilizados foram: Web of Science, Scielo (Nacional), Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar e Brazilian Digital Library of Theses. Foram destacados os conceitos fundamentais e aplicações nas áreas das ciências ambientais e florestais, no sentido de valorar estratégias e tomadas de decisões no planejamento e gestão ambiental rural. Neste trabalho, também foi apresentado o procedimento metodológico para cálculo das métricas da paisagem, por meio da extensão Patch Analyst, aplicada ao Software ArcGIS. Foram compiladas informações de 50 artigos científicos publicados no Brasil e exterior, onde constatou-se relevância significativa e viabilidade do uso dos índices e métricas da Ecologia de Paisagens para fins geográficos e ecológicos, embora, constatou-se que existem lacunas a serem preenchidas sobre o tema no Brasil, em relação às produções científicas, ainda escassas, sobretudo com análises mais concretas e direcionadas. O estudo permitiu a ampliação do conhecimento teórico sobre o tema no país e, espera-se que seja parte integrante e subsidiária para outros estudos sobre restauração ambiental, conexão de paisagens, mosaicos florestais e ordenamento territorial.
Palavras-chave: fragmentação florestal; métricas de paisagens; planejamento e gestão ambiental rural; patch analyst; sistema de informações geográficas.
LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY APPLIED TO TERRITORIAL ORDER AND FOREST MANAGEMENT: METHODOLOGICAL PROCEDURES
ABSTRACT: In order to contribute to the advancement of scientific research on Landscape Ecology in the context of spatial planning and forest management of natural resources, this study aimed to gather and discuss the main concepts and themes on Landscape Ecology, to address the use of geotechnology for structural analysis and landscape metrics. Based on national and international bibliographic review, relatively from the most classic to the most recent studies on the subject. The bases of the scientific journals used were: Web of Science, Scielo (National), Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar and Brazilian Digital Library of Theses. Key concepts and applications in the areas of environmental and forest sciences were highlighted in order to evaluate strategies and decision making in rural environmental planning and management. In this work, we also presented the methodological procedure for calculating the landscape metrics, through the Patch Analyst extension, applied to the ArcGIS Software. We compiled information from 50 scientific articles published in Brazil and abroad, where significant relevance and feasibility of the use of indexes and metrics of Ecology of Landscapes for geographic and ecological purposes was verified, although, it was verified that there are gaps to be filled on the theme in Brazil, in relation to the scientific productions, still scarce, especially with more concrete and directed analyzes. The study allowed the expansion of theoretical knowledge about the subject in the country and is expected to be an integral and subsidiary to other studies on environmental restoration, connection of landscapes, forest mosaics and land use planning.
Keywords: forest fragmentation; landscape metrics; rural environmental planning and management; patch analyst; geographic information system.
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