ENERGÍAS RENOVÁVEIS E ATENUAÇÃO DOS GASES COM EFEITO DE ESTUFA: UMA ANÁLISE BASEADA NUMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31413/nat.v13i2.19483Palavras-chave:
sostenibilidad energética, impacto ambiental, ecoeficiência, transición energéticaResumo
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o impacto de diferentes fontes de ER na redução de GEE e sua aplicação em diferentes setores. Em nível metodológico, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura usando o método PICO, por meio do qual foram definidas palavras-chave e, com o uso de conectores booleanos (OR e AND) e a aplicação de critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram selecionados 27 artigos da Scopus, ScienceDirect e WoS, que foram usados para a análise. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que as ER visam à redução de GEE, em sistemas híbridos, a energia solar e a eólica têm uma participação de 100% e 90,90%, respectivamente, enquanto a biomassa e a energia hidrelétrica oferecem benefícios em regiões com disponibilidade de infraestrutura hidrelétrica e resíduos orgânicos. No entanto, a adoção das ER enfrenta barreiras econômicas, técnicas e regulatórias, como altos custos iniciais e falta de infraestrutura. Concluiu-se que as ER representam uma alternativa viável para mitigar os GEEs e combater as mudanças climáticas. No entanto, sua expansão requer políticas públicas, incentivos econômicos e avanços tecnológicos para superar as barreiras existentes e promover uma transição energética sustentável.
Palavras-chave: sustentabilidade energética; impacto ambiental; ecoeficiência; transição energética.
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