THE EFFECT OF PLANTING DENSITY AND WEED INTERFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL TRAITS OF DIFFERENT RAPESEED GENOTYPES IN DARAB REGION USING MULTIVARIATE STATISTICAL METHODS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31413/nativa.v6i3.5965Resumen
EFEITO DA DENSIDADE DE PLANTIO E DA INTERFERÊNCIA DE PLANTAS DANINHAS EM CARACTERÍSTICAS AGRÍCOLAS DE DIFERENTES GENÓTIPOS DE COLZA NA REGIÃO DE DARAB USANDO MÉTODOS ESTATÍSTICOS MULTIVARIADOS
Este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da densidade de plantio e da interferência de plantas daninhas em características agronômicas de diferentes genótipos de colza na região de Darab, utilizando métodos de análise multivariada. Para avaliar os componentes fisiológicos, morfológicos, produtivos e produtivos de genótipos de colza, realizou-se um experimento em parcelas subdivididas com delineamento de blocos casualizados, com três repetições na Província de Fars (estado de Darab, distrito de Forg), durante dois anos (2015-2017). Os tratamentos na parcela principal foram as densidades de plantas (densidades de 20, 40 e 60 plantas.m-2) e nas subparcelas a realização de capina completa, não capina e capina na fase de roseta. Além disso, as sub-parcelas incluíram as cultivares (Hayola 401, Sarigol e RGS003). Empregou-se o software SAS para análise da anova simples e composta, regressões e correlações, enquanto que, na análise dos componentes principais (ACP) foi usado o software minitab16 e os gráficos foram elaborado no software Excel. As médias também foram comparadas usando o teste de múltiplas frequências de Duncan (DMRT) a um nível de confiança de 5%. Os resultados da análise da variância de caracteres mensurados mostraram que densidade, capina, cultivar, interação de densidade × capina, capina × cultivar e densidade × capina x cultivar e interação de densidade × capina × cultivar e interação de densidade × cultivar foram significativos em ambos os anos (safras), inclusive na análise composta de dois anos a 1% de probabilidade. Os resultados deste experimento mostraram que a densidade de 20 plantas.m-2 aumentou a área foliar, número de ramos laterais, altura de planta, diâmetro de caule, número de vagens no caule principal, comprimento de vagem, distância da primeira vagem ao solo, peso de vagem fresca, número de sementes por vagem, peso de 1000 sementes, produção de sementes e de óleos em comparação com densidade de 60 plantas.m-2. Na análise do efeito da capina observou-se que a capina completa e a não capina, têm os valores numéricos máximo e mínimo para as mesmas variáveis supracitadas. A comparação da média do efeito da cultivar na área foliar, altura da planta e distância da primeira vagem ao solo mostrou que Sarigol teve a área foliar máxima em comparação à Hayola 401. Os resultados mostraram que a cultivar Hyola 401 teve maior rendimento que outras cultivares.
Palavras-chave: colza, características morfológicas, densidade de plantas, plantas daninhas, cultivares.
ABSTRACT:
This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of planting density and weed interference on agronomic traits of different rapeseed genotypes in Darab region using multivariate analysis methods. To evaluate the physiological, morphological, yield and yield components of rapeseed genotypes, a split plot experiment was carried out based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in Fars province (Darab County, Forg District) during 2015-2017 (for two years). The treatments included main plot of plant density (densities of 20, 40, and 60 plants per m2) and sub plot included complete weeding, non-weeding and weeding at the rosette stage. Moreover, sub plots included cultivars (Hayola 401, Sarigol, and RGS003). Simple and compound ANOVA, stepwise regression, and correlation were calculated using SAS software, and main components were analyzed using minitab16 software and charts were drawn using Excel software. Means were also compared using the Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT) at a confidence level of 5%. The results of the analysis of the variance of measured traits showed that density, weeding, cultivar, interaction of density × weeding, weeding × cultivar, and density × weeding × cultivar and interaction of density × weeding × cultivar and interaction of density × cultivar were significant in both crop years and in compound analysis of two years at 1% probability level. The results of this experiment showed that density of 20 increased leaf area, number of lateral branches, plant height, stem diameter, number of pods of main stem, pod length, distance from first pod to ground, fresh pod weight, number of seeds per pod, weight of 1000 seeds, and seed and oil yields as compared with density of 60. Comparison of mean of weeding effect on leaf area, plant height, number of main stem pods, distance from first branch to ground, stem diameter, pod length, distance from the first pod to ground, fresh pod weight, weight of 1000 seeds, seed and oil yield showed that complete weeding and non-weeding have the maximum and minimum numerical values, respectively. Comparison of mean of cultivar effect on leaf area, plant height, and distance from first pod to ground showed that Sarigol had the maximum leaf area as compared with Hayola 401. Also, the results showed that Hyola 401 cultivar had more yield than other cultivars.
Keywords: rapeseed, morphological, density, weed, cultivar.
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