GENERACIÓN DE BIOGÁS Y ENERGÍA TÉRMICA EN LA AGROINDUSTRIA BOLO DAS OLIVEIRAS, POMBAL, PARAÍBA, BRASIL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31413/nativa.v11i1.14583Palabras clave:
biodigestor, efluente, metanoResumen
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el potencial de generación de energía térmica a partir del biogás producido por un biodigestor rural en Agroindústria Bolo das Oliveiras, Pombal/PB, Brasil. El digestor se alimentó cada dos días con 0,30 m3 de biomasa (mezcla de agua y estiércol vacuno), tiempo de retención hidráulica de 45 días. Se recolectaron muestras de afluentes y efluentes cada 15 días durante 75 días. El afluente presentó mayor contenido de sólidos (p < 0.05) que el efluente. La mayor concentración de oxígeno disuelto (6,67 mg L−1) se observó en el afluente. El efluente mostró menor alcalinidad total (p < 0.05) que el afluente en todos los tiempos de muestreo. Los valores de CH4 fueron superiores a los valores de CO2 durante todo el experimento. El biogás también contenía trazas de H2S y NH3 (2/3 y 1/3 ppMV, respectivamente). Las emisiones de CH4 se estimaron en 10,58 m3 día−1. El CH4 fue el componente principal del biogás, como lo indica el comportamiento de combustión de la llama. La generación de biogás y energía térmica en Agroindústria Bolo das Oliveiras puede ser económicamente viable, proporcionando un ahorro mínimo mensual de R$ 1.582,00.
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