EVALUATION OF METHODS FOR MEASURING HOLLOWS TO ESTIMATE THE YIELD OF SAWNWOOD IN AMAZONIAN SPECIES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31413/nat.v14i1.20921Keywords:
sawnwood yield, wood hollow, log cubing, timber industry, Amazonian timberAbstract
The presence of hollows in tropical logs compromises volumetric yield and the economic viability of industrial processing. This study evaluated the effectiveness of four hollow-scaling methods for predicting the sawnwood yield of Pouteria spp., Manilkara spp. and Astronium spp. in Santarém, Pará, Brazil. A total of 47 logs were analysed using four methodologies (Smalian, the IBDF Standard, IBDF method, and image analysis). The results indicated significant variation in the incidence of hollows among species, with the highest occurrence in Manilkara spp. (40%). Although the analysis of variance did not detect a statistically significant difference among the mean volumes estimated by the methods (p = 0.189), the predictive power varied substantially. The image-based method showed the best predictive performance (R² = 0.197), while the IBDF Standard (1984) overestimated the defect volume and exhibited the lowest predictive power (R² = 0.148). These findings indicate that hollow volume alone explains only a limited portion of yield variability (R² < 0.20), highlighting the multifactorial nature of sawing and the influence of other log quality parameters. The results reinforce the need for species-specific yield coefficients to optimize industrial planning in the Amazon.
Keywords: sawnwood yield; wood hollow; log cubing; timber industry; Amazonian timber.
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