NIVELES CRÍTICOS N-NO3⁻ Y CLOROFILA EN HOJAS DE LECHUGA EN SISTEMA DE PRODUCCIÓN HIDROPÓNICO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31413/nat.v14i1.20344Keywords:
Nitrato, Savia, Calidad, Producción, NutriciónAbstract
La producción de lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.) en sistema hidropónico en el Valle del Mantaro requiere niveles óptimos de nitrógeno (N) para cumplir con los estándares de calidad establecidos por el Reglamento de la Comisión UE. Este estudio se desarrolló en el invernadero de la Estación Experimental Agropecuaria El Mantaro, Jauja, Perú; con el objetivo de determinar los niveles críticos de N-NO3- en la savia del peciolo, en hojas de lechuga variedad Seda y clorofila foliar, así como identificar la concentración de N en la solución nutritiva que maximiza la producción sin superar los límites permisibles de N-NO3-. Se aplicaron tratamientos con 0,5, 1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19 y 22 mmol N L-1, con seis repeticiones. Los resultados indicaron que la concentración óptima de N en la solución nutritiva se sitúa entre 1,25 y 4,0 mmol N L-1, lo que mejora significativamente el crecimiento, la producción y la calidad del cultivo. Los niveles críticos de N-NO3- fueron 3347,43 mg kg-1 en hoja fresca, 482,54 mg L-1 en la savia del pecíolo y 2,12 µg g-1 en clorofila, cumpliendo con el límite de 4500 mg kg-1 de N-NO3- en peso fresco. Este estudio contribuye a optimizar la fertilización nitrogenada en hidroponía, asegurando la calidad y la seguridad alimentaria.
Palabras clave: nitrato; savia; calidad; producción; nutrición.
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