INSTITUTIONAL MODEL FOR SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RICE-BASED AGROTOURISM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31413/nat.v13i3.19560Palabras clave:
Agrotourism; Institutional Model; Social Entrepreneurship; Rice Farming; Analytical Hierarchy Process; Rural Development; Agricultural EconomicsResumen
Rice field agritourism is a tourist attraction that utilizes natural agricultural landscapes to offer educational experiences related to the agricultural sector. This research aims to develop an ideal rice-based agro-tourism institutional model using a systems approach, employing the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. This study was conducted in the Bunga Raya Sub-district, Siak District, Indonesia. AHP analysis revealed that human resources (0.302) and technology (0.229) were the most important factors for successful agritourism development. The study identified an equal weighting of farmers (0.284) and agritourism management (0.291) in stakeholder roles, while technology development (0.253) and local economic growth (0.272) emerged as key objectives. Among the institutional models evaluated, the Local Public Service Agency (LPSA) emerged as the most suitable framework (0.429), followed by the partnership model (0.237), the Destination Management Organization (0.147), cooperatives (0.118), and Community-Based Tourism (0.068). Local Public Service Agencies (LPSAs) with social entrepreneurship initiatives in the rice-based agritourism sector play a strategic role in enhancing the welfare of farmers, contributing to the optimization of tourism potential, promoting local financial independence, and creating sustainable economic opportunities while protecting local natural and cultural resources.
Keywords: agrotourism; institutional model; social entrepreneurship; rice farming; analytical hierarchy process; rural development; agricultural economics.
Referencias
AchmAD, B.; SANUDIN, B.; SIARUDIN, M.; WIDIYANTO, A.; DINIYATI, D.; SUDOMO, A.; HANI, A.; FAUZIYAH, E.; SUHAENDAH, E.; WIDYANINGSIH, T. S. et al. Traditional Subsistence farming of smallholder agroforestry systems in Indonesia: a Review. Sustainability, v. 14, n. 14, e8631, 2022. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14148631
ALAQEEL, T. A.; SURYANARAYANAN, S. A fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process algorithm to prioritize smart grid technologies for the Saudi electricity infrastructure. Sustainable Energy, Grids and Networks, v. 13, p. 122-133, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.segan.2017.12.010
AMLOY, A.; WONGLANGKA, W.; OUNCHANUM, P.; RUANGWITTHAYANUSORN, S.; SIRIPHON, A.; ORANRATMANEE, R. Agroecology, tourism, and community adaptability under UNESCO biosphere reserve: A case study of smallholders in northern Thailand. Sustainable Development, v. 32, n. 5, p. 4428-4439, 2024.
ANINDHITA, T. A.; ZIELINSKI, S.; MILANES, C. B.; AHN, Y. J. The Protection of natural and cultural landscapes through community-based tourism: the case of the Indigenous Kamoro Tribe in West Papua, Indonesia. Land, v. 13, n. 8, e1237, 2024. https://doi.org/10.3390/land13081237
ARYAL, C.; GHIMIRE, B.; NIRAULA, N. Tourism in Protected Areas and Appraisal of Ecotourism in Nepalese Policies. Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Education, v. 9, p. 40-73, 2019. https://doi.org/10.3126/jthe.v9i0.23680
BAAH, C.; JIN, Z.; TANG, L. Organizational and regulatory stakeholder pressures friends or foes to green logistics practices and financial performance: Investigating corporate reputation as a missing link. Journal of Cleaner Production, v. 247, e119125, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119125
BRAY, F. The rice economies: technology and development in Asian societies. University of California Press, 2023. 286p.
BRITWUM, K.; DEMONT, M. Food security and the cultural heritage missing link. Global Food Security, v. 35, e100660, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2022.100660
CAO, X. Challenges and potential improvements in the policy and regulatory framework for sustainable tourism planning in China: the case of Shanxi Province. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, v. 23, n. 3, p. 455-476, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2014.957207
CHIANG, M.; TSAI, C.; LEELAPATTANA, W.; THONGMA, W. Marketing strategies for agritourism : enhancing rural tourism development and economic growth. Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences, v. 23, n. 1, p. 7070-7089, 2025.
DATTA, A.; ULLAH, H.; FERDOUS, Z. Water management in rice. In: CHAUHAN, B.; JABRAN, K.; MAHAJAN, G. (Eds) Rice Production Worldwide. Springer, Cham., 2017. p. 255-277. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47516-5_11
DOHERTY, B.; HAUGH, H.; LYON, F. Social enterprises as hybrid organizations: A review and research agenda. International Journal of Management Reviews, v. 16, n. 4, p. 417-436, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12028
F., E. O.; OKPOKO, P. U. Tourism and agro-processing industries: a qualitative study of Abakaliki Rice Mill. International Journal of Horticulture, Agriculture and Food Science, v. 2, n. 2, p. 7-14, 2018. https://doi.org/10.22161/ijhaf.2.2.2
GERMAK, A. J.; ROBINSON, J. A. Exploring the Motivation of Nascent Social Entrepreneurs. Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, v. 5, n. 1, p. 5-21, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1080/19420676.2013.820781
GIANG, H. T. Digital transformation and linkage in agriculture in Dong Thap Province for the purpose of sustainable tourism and economic development in the era of globalization. Journal of Optoelectronics Laser, v. 41, n. 3, p. 144-149, 2022.
GRABS, J.; AULD, G.; CASHORE, B. Private regulation, public policy, and the perils of adverse ontological selection. Regulation and Governance, v. 15, n. 4, p. 1183-1208, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1111/rego.12354
HILKENS, A.; REID, J. I.; KLERKX, L.; GRAY, D. I. Money talk: How relations between farmers and advisors around financial management are shaped. Journal of Rural Studies, v. 63, p. 83-95, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2018.09.002
ISKANDAR, Y.; JOELIATY, J.; KALTUM, U.; HILMIANA, H. Systematic review of the barriers to social enterprise performance using an institutional framework. Cogent Business and Management, v. 9, n. 1, e2124592, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2022.2124592
JIA, X.; DESA, G. Social entrepreneurship and impact investment in rural-urban transformation: An orientation to systemic social innovation and symposium findings. Social Innovation and Sustainability Transition, v. 37, n. 4, p. 283-305, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10460-020-10133-6
KAMALUDIN, M. F. Social sustainability within social entrepreneurship. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, v. 192, e122541, 2023. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2023.122541
KUMARA, H. K. R. S.; ATAPATHTHU, K. S. S.; HERATH, S. S.; VIDANAPATHIRANA, N. P.; MARASINGHE, M. M. K. I. Exploring Ecological functions of rice-fish integration in the agricultural landscape: a review to investigate feasibility of implementing rice-fish integration in Sri Lanka. Journal of Agro-Technology and Rural Sciences, v. 3, n. 2, p. 24-35, 2024. https://doi.org/10.4038/atrsj.v3i2.53
KUNJURAMAN, V.; HUSSIN, R.; AZIZ, R. C. Community-based ecotourism as a social transformation tool for rural community: A victory or a quagmire? Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, v. 39, e100524, 2022. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2022.100524
LAMPAYAN, R. M.; REJESUS, R. M.; SINGLETON, G. R.; BOUMAN, B. A. M. Adoption and economics of alternate wetting and drying water management for irrigated lowland rice. Field Crops Research, v. 170, p. 95-108, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2014.10.013
LIANG, X.; JIN, X.; HAN, B.; SUN, R.; XU, W.; LI, H.; HE, J.; LI, J. China’s food security situation and key questions in the new era: A perspective of farmland protection. Journal of Geographical Sciences, v. 32, n. 6, p. 1001-1019, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11442-022-1982-9
LIU, W.; YIN, L.; ZENG, Y. How new rural elites facilitate community-based homestead system reform in rural China: A perspective of village transformation. Habitat International, v. 149, e103096, 2024. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2024.103096
LONGART, P.; WICKENS, E.; OCAÑA, W.; LLUGSHA, V. A stakeholder analysis of a service learning project for tourism development in an Ecuadorian Rural Community. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport and Tourism Education, v. 20, p. 87-100, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhlste.2017.04.002
MANTRA, I. B. N. Cultural and Heritage Tourism. West Java: Mega Press Nusantara, 2024. 147p.
MICHAELIDES, M.; LAOURIS, Y. A cascading model of stakeholder engagement for large-scale regional development using structured dialogical design. European Journal of Operational Research, v. 315, n. 1, p. 307-323, 2024. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2023.11.050
MUNSCH, S.; MEYER, A. H.; BIEDERT, E. Efficacy and predictors of long-term treatment success for Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment and Behavioral Weight-Loss-Treatment in overweight individuals with binge eating disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, v. 50, n. 12, p. 775-785, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2012.08.009
MUSINGUZI, P.; BAKER, D.; VILLANO, R. A. Interrelationships amongst critical success factors and rural social enterprises’ performance in a developing country context. Journal of Rural Studies, v. 100, e102995, 2023. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2023.03.003
MUTHAYYA, S.; SUGIMOTO, J. D.; MONTGOMERY, S.; MABERLY, G. F. An overview of global rice production, supply, trade, and consumption. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, v. 1324, n. 1, p. 7-14, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.12540
ONYENEKE, R. U.; AMADI, M. U.; NJOKU, C. L.; OSUJI, E. E. Climate change perception and uptake of climate-smart agriculture in rice production in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Atmosphere, v. 12, n. 11, e1503, 2021. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12111503
PHI DINH, H.; HUU VO, P.; NGOC PHAM, D.; QUANG NGO, T. Factors Affecting Farmers’ Decisions to Participate in Agricultural Tourism Activities: A Case Study in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. AgBioForum, v. 21, n. 3, p. 15-22, 2022.
PRATT, S.; MAGBALOT-FERNANDEZ, A.; OHE, Y. Motivations and constraints of developing agritourism under the challenges of climate change: The case of Samoa. International Journal of Tourism Research, v. 24, n. 4, p. 610-622, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2525
QUARANTA, G.; CITRO, E.; SALVIA, R. Economic and social sustainable synergies to promote innovations in rural tourism and local development. Sustainability, v. 8, n. 7, e668, 2016. https://doi.org/10.3390/su8070668
RAZAVI, S.; JAKEMAN, A.; SALTELLI, A.; PRIEUR, C.; IOOSS, B.; BORGONOVO, E.; PLISCHKE, E.; LO PIANO, S.; IWANAGA, T.; BECKER, W.; TARANTOLA, S.; GUILLAUME, J. H. A.; et al. The future of Sensitivity analysis: an essential discipline for systems modeling and policy support. Environmental Modelling & Software, v. 137, e104954, 2021. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2020.104954
SATTY, T. L. Theory and Methodology: Highlights and critical points in the theory and application of the Analytic Hierarchy Process. European Journal of Operational Research, v. 74, n. 3, p. 426-447, 1994.
SENZANJE, A. Agricultural water management interventions (Awmi) for sustainable agricultural intensification (SAI) in the Chinyanja Triangle Area of Malawi, Mozambique and Zambia. Pretoria, South Africa: IWMI, 2016. 75p.
SONG, H. C. The war on drugs: how multi-stakeholder partnerships contribute to sustainable development in the Golden Triangle region. Journal of International Business Studies, v. 55, n. 5, p. 593-615, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41267-023-00669-0
SUSILA, I.; DEAN, D.; HARISMAH, K.; PRIYONO, K. D.; SETYAWAN, A. A.; MAULANA, H. Does interconnectivity matter? An integration model of agro-tourism development. Asia Pacific Management Review, v. 29, n. 1, p. 104-114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmrv.2023.08.003
TAHAT, M. M.; ALANANBEH, K. M.; OTHMAN, Y. A.; LESKOVAR, D. I. Soil health and sustainable agriculture. Sustainability, v. 12, n. 12, e4859, 2020. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU12124859
TANRIVERMIŞ, Y.; TANRIVERMIŞ, H.; UISSO, A. M. Assessment of farmland fragmentation and the role of the legal regulations for the prevention of farmland fragmentation in Türki̇ye. Land Use Policy, v. 145, e107289, 2024. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2024.107289
TONG, W.; ZHU, L.; LO, K. Livelihood adaptation and life satisfaction among land-lost farmers: Critiquing China’s urbanisation-driven land appropriation. Bulletin of Geography. Socio-Economic Series, v. 46, p. 149-161, 2019. https://doi.org/10.2478/bog-2019-0040
TRAN, D. D.; HUU, L. H.; HOANG, L. P.; PHAM, T. D.; NGUYEN, A. H. Sustainability of rice-based livelihoods in the upper floodplains of Vietnamese Mekong Delta: Prospects and challenges. Agricultural Water Management, v. 243, e106495, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106495
TZOURAMANI, I.; MANTZIARIS, S.; KARANIKOLAS, P. Assessing sustainability performance at the farm level: Examples from Greek agricultural systems. Sustainability, v. 12, n. 7, e2929, 2020. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12072929
ViNKE, K.; MARTIN, M. A.; ADAMS, S.; BAARSCH, F.; BONDEAU, A.; COUMOU, D.; DONNER, R. V.; MENON, A.; PERRETTE, M.; REHFELD, K.;
ROBINSON, A.; ROCHA, M.; SCHAEFFER, M.; SCHWAN, S.; SERDECZNY, O.; SVIREJEVA-HOPKINS, A. Climatic risks and impacts in South Asia: extremes of water scarcity and excess. Regional Environmental Change, v. 17, n. 6, p. 1569-1583, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-015-0924-9
VOLGGER, M.; PECHLANER, H. Requirements for destination management organizations in destination governance: Understanding DMO success. Tourism Management, v. 41, p. 64-75, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2013.09.001
WANG, N.; LI, J.; ZHOU, Z. Landscape pattern optimization approach to protect rice terrace Agroecosystem: Case of GIAHS site Jiache Valley, Guizhou, southwest China. Ecological Indicators, v. 129, e107958, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.107958
WEI, M.; LIU, M.; XU, J.; LI, S.; CAO, J. Understanding the influence of sensory advertising of tourism destinations on visit intention with a modified AIDA model. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, v. 27, n. 3, p. 259-273, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2022.2061367
WINARNO, K.; SUSTIYO, J.; AZIZ, A. A.; PERMANI, R. Unlocking agricultural mechanisation potential in Indonesia: Barriers, drivers, and pathways for sustainable agri-food systems. Agricultural Systems, v. 226, e104305, 2025. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2025.104305
WU, D.; LIU, J. Promoting sustainable agroforestry development: a systematic literature review on the Rice-Fish-Duck-Forest system. Environment, Development and Sustainability, e0123456789, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-024-05601-6
YANG, Z.; SOLANGI, Y. A. Analyzing the relationship between natural resource management, environmental protection, and agricultural economics for sustainable development in China. Journal of Cleaner Production, v. 450, e141862, 2024. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.141862
YELE, Y.; CHANDER, S.; SUROSHE, S. S.; NEBAPURE, S.; TENGURI, P.; SUNDARAN, A. P. Ecological engineering in lowland rice for brown plant hopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) management. PeerJ, v. 11, e15531, 2023. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15531
YOTSUMOTO, Y.; VAFADARI, K. Comparing cultural world heritage sites and globally important agricultural heritage systems and their potential for tourism. Journal of Heritage Tourism, v. 16, n. 1, p. 43-61, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2020.1758116
ZHANG, S.; SUN, Y.; LI, W. Remaking the rural as a tourism place: how smallholders adapt to the new rural paradigm. Current Issues in Tourism, v. 26, n. 12, p. 1991-2005, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2022.2077176
ZIELINSKI, S.; JEONG, Y.; MILANÉS, C. B. Factors that influence community-based tourism (CBT) in developing and developed countries. Tourism Geographies, v. 23, m. 5-6, p. 1040-1072, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2020.1786156
Descargas
Publicado
Número
Sección
Cómo citar
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2025 Nativa
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
Los derechos de autor de los artículos publicados en esta revista pertenecen al autor, con los derechos de primera publicación de la revista. En virtud de aparecer en esta revista de acceso público, los artículos son de libre uso, con sus propias atribuciones, en aplicaciones educativas y no comerciales.
Los artículos publicados en esta revista pueden ser reproducidos parcialmente o utilizados como referencia por otros autores, siempre que se mencione la fuente, es decir, Revista Nativa.
