THE COMPOSITION OF BIOSTIMULANTS APPLIED IN SEED TREATMENT INTERFERES WITH THE SOYBEAN EMERGENCE UNDER WATER DEFICIENCY

Marcelo de Almeida Silva; Carolina Ruv Lemes Gonçalves Mendes; Lusiane de Sousa Ferreira; Hariane Luiz Santos; Laura Costa Oliveira Almeida; Melina Rodrigues Alves Carnietto

doi:10.31413/nat.v12i4.17455

Authors

Marcelo de Almeida Silva marcelo.a.silva@unesp.br
Department of Crop Science, School of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9104-5583
Carolina Ruv Lemes Gonçalves Mendes carolina.ruv@unesp.br
Department of Crop Science, School of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1541-8640
Lusiane de Sousa Ferreira lusiane.ferreira@unesp.br
Department of Crop Science, School of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6625-3965
Hariane Luiz Santos hariane.luiz@unesp.br
Department of Crop Science, School of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3322-111X
Laura Costa Oliveira Almeida laura.costa-oliveira@unesp.br
Department of Crop Science, School of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6315-9436
Melina Rodrigues Alves Carnietto melina.carnietto@unesp.br
Department of Crop Science, School of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0453-0071

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31413/nat.v12i4.17455

Keywords:

Glycine max (L.) Merrill, germination, mineral nutrition, water stress

Abstract

ABSTRACT: High physiological quality seeds with high germination and vigor are essential for successful soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) cultivation, ensuring proper establishment and early development. Biostimulants have shown significant potential to enhance soybean performance, especially under environmental stress, such as water deficit, which impairs germination and emergence. This study evaluated the effects of seed treatments with biostimulants and their interaction with insecticide and fungicide on biometrics, nutrition, and biochemical variables during soybean initial development under water deficit conditions. A randomized block design in an 8×2 factorial scheme was employed, comprising eight seed treatments [control (no biostimulant); Imidacloprid and fungicide (Carboxin + Thiram) (IF); three biostimulants (B1, B2, B3); and their combinations with IF] under two water regimes (100% and 50% of pot capacity), with three replicates. Evaluations 21 days after application included germination, emergence speed, root and shoot length, dry matter, and enzymatic activity. Biostimulants, particularly seaweed- and plant extract-based, improved water deficit tolerance, enhancing germination, emergence, biometrics, enzymatic activity (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase), and nutrient uptake (P, K, Mg, Cu, Mn, Zn). However, further studies are needed to assess potential adverse interactions between biostimulants, fungicides, and insecticides.

Keywords: Glycine max (L.) Merrill; germination; mineral nutrition; water stress.

A composição dos bioestimulantes aplicados em tratamento de sementes interfere na emergência de soja sob deficiência hídrica

RESUMO: Sementes de alta qualidade fisiológica, com elevada germinação e vigor, são essenciais para o sucesso do cultivo de soja (Glycine max L. Merrill), garantindo o estabelecimento adequado e o desenvolvimento inicial da cultura. Os bioestimulantes têm demonstrado potencial significativo para melhorar o desempenho da soja, especialmente sob estresse ambiental, como o déficit hídrico, que prejudica a germinação e a emergência. Este estudo avaliou os efeitos do tratamento de sementes com bioestimulantes e sua interação com inseticidas e fungicidas na biometria, nutrição e variáveis bioquímicas durante o desenvolvimento inicial da soja sob déficit hídrico. Foi utilizado delineamento em blocos causalizados, em esquema fatorial 8×2, composto por oito tratamentos de sementes [controle (sem bioestimulante); inseticida Imidacloprido e fungicida (Carboxina + Tiram) (IF); três bioestimulantes (B1, B2, B3); e suas combinações com IF] sob dois regimes hídricos (100% e 50% da capacidade de vaso), com três repetições. As avaliações realizadas 21 dias após a aplicação incluíram germinação, velocidade de emergência, comprimento de raiz e parte aérea, massa seca e atividade enzimática. Bioestimulantes, especialmente à base de extratos de algas e plantas, aumentaram a tolerância ao déficit hídrico, promovendo melhorias na germinação, emergência, biometria, atividade enzimática (superóxido dismutase, peroxidase e catalase) e absorção de nutrientes (P, K, Mg, Cu, Mn, Zn). No entanto, estudos adicionais são necessários para avaliar possíveis interações negativas entre bioestimulantes, fungicidas e inseticidas.

Palavras-chave: Glycine max (L.) Merrill; germinação; nutrição mineral; estresse hídrico.

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