ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI MODULATE DROUGHT STRESS RESPONSES, PROLINE ACCUMULATION, ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, AND P5CS1 EXPRESSION IN BASIL

Autores

  • Zahraa Abd Neamaa Al-Yassiry zahraa.abdneamaa@uobabylon.edu.iq
    Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Babylon, Iraq. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1145-4505
  • Yazi Abdullah Jassim yaziabdullah2020@gmail.com
    Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Babylon, Iraq. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4156-6006
  • Hussein Jebur Hussein huss2010feb@yahoo.com
    Department of Biology, College of Science for Women, University of Babylon, Iraq. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5968-8263
  • Eman Fadhel Abbas Awadh sci.iman.fadhil@uobabylon.edu.iq
    Department of Biology, Branch of Zoology, College of Science, University of Babylon, Iraq.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31413/nat.v14i4.21817


Palavras-chave:

Ocimum basilicum L., Rhizophagus irregularis, antioxidant enzymes, phytochemicals

Resumo

Fungos micorrízicos arbusculares modulam as respostas ao estresse hídrico, acúmulo de prolina, atividade antioxidante e expressão de P5CS1 no manjericão (Ocimum basilicum L.)

 

RESUMO: O stress hídrico é uma importante limitação ambiental que afeta o crescimento e o desempenho fisiológico das plantas. Este estudo avaliou as respostas de Ocimum basilicum L. ao stress hídrico, com e sem inoculação com fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMA), com ênfase no crescimento, no estado hídrico, nas respostas antioxidantes, na acumulação de fitoquímicos, no teor de prolina e na expressão de P5CS1. Quarenta plantas de manjericão foram distribuídas em quatro tratamentos: controlo, FMA, stress hídrico e stress hídrico + FMA. O estresse hídrico foi imposto a 50% da capacidade de campo por 21 dias. Foram avaliados o crescimento das plantas, o teor de clorofila, o teor relativo de água (TRA), a concentração de prolina, os teores de fenólicos e de flavonoides totais, a atividade de sequestro de radicais DPPH, as atividades das enzimas antioxidantes, os indicadores de stress oxidativo e de danos de membrana e a expressão de P5CS1. O stress hídrico reduziu o crescimento das plantas, o teor de clorofila e o TRA em comparação com o tratamento controlo. Sob condições de stress hídrico, a inoculação com FMA esteve associada a valores mais elevados de altura da planta (40,1%), biomassa seca (90,3%) e TRA (26,2%) em comparação com plantas submetidas ao stress hídrico sem inoculação. Os teores de fenólicos totais e de flavonoides, bem como a atividade de sequestro de radicais DPPH, aumentaram em 43,7%, 49,5% e 42,9%, respetivamente. As respostas associadas à inoculação com FMA sob stress hídrico também incluíram maiores atividades de SOD, CAT e POD e menores níveis de H₂O₂, superóxido, MDA e perda de eletrólitos, bem como maior integridade das membranas. A concentração de prolina aumentou de 6,9 para 9,2 µmol g⁻¹ de massa fresca, enquanto a expressão de P5CS1 aumentou de 2,80 para 4,60 vezes sob stress hídrico com inoculação de FMA. A análise de correlação de Pearson mostrou uma forte associação positiva entre a concentração de prolina e a expressão de P5CS1 (r = 0,91; q ajustado < 0,001). De modo geral, a inoculação com FMA esteve associada a alterações coordenadas nas respostas fisiológicas, bioquímicas, antioxidantes e moleculares do manjericão submetido ao stress hídrico. Estes resultados justificam estudos adicionais sobre as respostas associadas aos FMA como uma possível abordagem biológica para melhorar o desempenho do manjericão em condições de disponibilidade hídrica limitada.

Palavras-chave: Ocimum basilicum L.; Rhizophagus irregularis; enzimas antioxidantes; fitoquímicos.

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Publicado

2026-10-19

Edição

Seção

Bioprospecção e Biotecnologia / Bioprospecting and Biotechnology

Como Citar

ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI MODULATE DROUGHT STRESS RESPONSES, PROLINE ACCUMULATION, ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, AND P5CS1 EXPRESSION IN BASIL. (2026). Nativa, 14(4), e21817. https://doi.org/10.31413/nat.v14i4.21817

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