Peganum harmala IS A POTENTIAL RESOURCE FOR NOVEL TREATMENTS - A REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31413/nat.v14i1.20587Palavras-chave:
phytochemical constituents, pharmacology, traditional medicine, toxicologyResumo
Peganum harmala é um recurso potencial para novos tratamentos - Uma revisão
RESUMO: Durante séculos, as sementes de Peganum harmala, membro da família Nitrariaceae, têm sido utilizadas na medicina tradicional para o tratamento de doenças como diabetes, distúrbios neurológicos, incluindo a doença de Parkinson, e problemas psiquiátricos como a ansiedade. Estudos fitoquímicos revelam que esta planta contém uma gama diversificada de compostos, incluindo vários alcaloides, carboidratos, lipídios, proteínas e aminoácidos. Além disso, seu perfil químico compreende glicosídeos, compostos fenólicos, antocianinas, antraquinonas agliconas, flavonoides, cumarinas e derivados de antraceno. É também uma fonte de mono-, sesqui- e diterpenos, saponinas, taninos condensados e hidrolisáveis, mucilagem, bem como de triterpenos e esteroides. Possui diversos efeitos farmacológicos, incluindo ações antioxidante, anticancerígena, antimicrobiana, antiparasitária, cardiovascular, reprodutiva, protetora, gastrointestinal, diurética, anti-inflamatória, analgésica, neurofarmacológica, antidiabética, antitussígena, expectorante e broncodilatadora. Como remédio tradicional em diversas culturas, Peganum harmala é o tema desta revisão, que apresenta uma análise completa de sua composição fitoquímica e de seus efeitos farmacológicos.
Palavras-chave: constituintes fitoquímicos; farmacologia; medicina tradicional; toxicologia.
ABSTRACT: For centuries, the seeds of Peganum harmala, a member of the Nitrariaceae family, have been utilized in traditional medicine to manage conditions like diabetes, neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease, and psychiatric issues such as anxiety. Phytochemical studies reveal that this plant contains a diverse array of compounds, including various alkaloids, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and amino acids. Furthermore, its chemical profile comprises glycosides, phenolic compounds, anthocyanins, aglycone anthraquinones, flavonoids, coumarins, and anthracene derivatives. It is also a source of mono, sesqui, and diterpenes, saponins, both condensed and hydrolysable tannins, mucilage, as well as triterpenes and steroids. It possesses many pharmacological effects, including antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, cardiovascular, reproductive, protective, gastrointestinal, diuretic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, neuropharmacological, antidiabetic, antitussive, expectorant and bronchodilating effects. As a traditional remedy in numerous cultures, Peganum harmala is the subject of this review, which offers a thorough analysis of its phytochemical makeup and pharmacological effects.
Keywords: phytochemical constituents; pharmacology; traditional medicine; toxicology.
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