THE FEASIBILITY OF UTILIZING HYDROGEN FUEL CELLS IN LIVESTOCK SHIPS TO MITIGATE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31413/nat.v13i1.19281
Palavras-chave:
climate change, International Maritime Organization, zero emissions livestock shipsResumo
Global warming and air pollution are undoubtedly the major issues of our time. As livestock is considered the main source of protein and dairy products and one of the main food sources for humanity, in some regions of the world, livestock vessels serve as the main logistical means of transportation. Reducing emissions from vessels is vital to ensure animal welfare and livestock health. The vessel MV Ganado Express was chosen to evaluate the overall emissions resulting from the main engine during a 24-hour navigation period under full engine load. This study aims to develop an approach to reduce greenhouse gas emissions using hydrogen proton exchange membrane fuel cells as an alternative to the conventional fossil fuel-powered main engine. The study indicates that replacing the ship's conventional main engine with hydrogen proton exchange membrane fuel cells can mitigate CO2 emissions by 10,200 kg, NOx by 1,637 kg, and SOX by 66 kg during a 24-hour sailing period under an engine load of 6,090 kW. During the same sailing conditions, the fuel consumption reduction when using hydrogen proton exchange membrane fuel cells is 62% lower than the fuel consumption when using a conventional diesel engine.
Keywords: climate change; International Maritime Organization; zero emissions livestock ships.
Viabilidade da utilização de células de combustível de hidrogênio em navios de transporte de gado para mitigar as emissões de gases de efeito estufa
RESUMO: O aquecimento global e a poluição do ar são, sem dúvida, os grandes problemas atuais. Como o gado é considerado a principal fonte de proteína e laticínios e uma das principais fontes de alimento da humanidade, em alguns regioes do mundo, os navios de gado servem como os principais meios logisticos de transporte. Reduzir as emissões dos navios é vital para garantir o bem-estar animal e a saúde do gado. O navio MV Ganado Express foi escolhido para avaliar as emissões gerais resultantes do motor principal durante um período de navegação de 24 horas sob carga total do motor. Este estudo visa desenvolver uma abordagem para reduzir as emissões de gases de efeito estufa utilizando células de combustível de membrana de troca de prótons de hidrogênio como uma alternativa ao motor principal convencional movido a combustível fóssil. O estudo indica que a substituição do motor principal convencional do navio por células de combustível de membrana de troca de prótons de hidrogênio pode mitigar as emissões de CO2 em 10.200 kg, de NOx em 1.637 kg e de SOX em 66 kg durante o período de navegação de 24 horas sob uma carga de motor de 6.090 kW. Durante as mesmas condições de navegação, a redução do consumo de combustível durante o uso de células de combustível de membrana de troca de prótons de hidrogênio é 62% menor do que o consumo de combustível durante o uso do motor diesel convencional.
Palavras-chave: mudanças climáticas; Organização Marítima Internacional; navios de gado com emissão zero.
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