SEEDING RATE AND NITROGEN FERTILIZER LEVEL FOR BLACK BARLEY UNDER RAIN-FED CONDITIONS

Autores

DOI:

10.31413/nat.v12i1.16993

Palavras-chave:

Hordeum distichum L., plant density, urea fertilization, rain-fed agriculture

Resumo

Increasing grain production yield is crucial to achieving profitable production systems. The optimal seeding rate and nitrogen fertilization at the right dose are substantial production factors for a higher barley crop yield, especially in rainfed conditions. The experiment aimed to determine the optimal black barley seeding and nitrogen fertilizer rate under rainfed conditions in Kirkuk district, northern Iraq. The agronomic characteristics of black barley were evaluated at seeding rates (200, 300 and 400 seeds m-2) and different rates of nitrogen applications (0, 40 and 80 kg N ha-1). These seeding rates at 300 and 400 seeds m-2 significantly affect Spikes m-2, straw yield and biological yield compared to 200 seeds m-2. Most studied traits were affected significantly by nitrogen fertilizer, where 80 kg N ha-1 recorded the highest value in spike length, m-2, grains spike-1, grain yield, biological yield and harvest index compared to 40 kg N ha-1. Moreover, seeding rate x N fertilization had a significant influence on most of the studied traits, where 300 seeds m-2 × 80 kg N ha-1 significantly affected spike length, spikes m-2, grains spike-1, grain yield and harvest index, while straw yield and biological yield responded significantly to 400 seeds m-2 × 40 kg N ha-1. The most measured traits, especially grain yield, were impacted by nitrogen application rather than seeding rates. In this region, black barley should be sown with 300 seeds m-2 with an application of 80 kg N ha-1 to obtain better grain yields under rainfed conditions.

Keywords: Hordeum distichum L.; plant density; urea fertilization; rain-fed agriculture.

 

Taxa de semeadura e nível de fertilizante nitrogenado para cevada preta (Hordeum distichum L.) sob condições de sequeiro

 

RESUMO: O aumento do rendimento da produção de grãos é crucial para a obtenção de sistemas de produção rentáveis. A taxa ótima de semeadura e a fertilização com nitrogênio na dose certa são fatores de produção substanciais para um maior rendimento da cultura da cevada, especialmente em condições de sequeiro. O experimento teve como objetivo determinar a taxa ideal de semeadura e de fertilizante de nitrogênio para cevada preta, sob condições de sequeiro no distrito de Kirkuk, norte do Iraque. Avaliou-se as características agronômicas da cevada preta em taxas de semeadura (200, 300 e 400 sementes m-2) e diferentes doses de aplicação de nitrogênio (0, 40 e 80 kg N ha-1). As taxas de semeadura de 300 e 400 sementes m-2 afetam significativamente o número de espigas m-2, a produtividade de palha e a produtividade biológica em comparação com 200 sementes m-2. A maioria das características agronômicas estudadas foram significativamente afetadas pela adubação nitrogenada, sendo que 80 kg N ha-1 gerou os maiores valores em comprimento de espiga m-2, grãos espiga-1, produtividade de grãos, rendimento biológico e índice de colheita, quando comparado com 40 kg N ha-1. Além disso, a interação taxa de semeadura x adubação com N, influencia significativamente na maioria das características agronômicas, visto que 300 sementes m-2 × 80 kg N ha-1 possibilitaram melhores respostas quanto ao comprimento de espigas, espigas m-2, grãos espiga-1, produtividade de grãos e colheita índice; todavia, a produtividade de palha e a produtividade biológica foram melhores na interação de 400 sementes m-2 × 40 kg N ha-1. A maioria das características medidas, especialmente o rendimento de grãos, foram impactadas pela aplicação de nitrogênio e não pelas taxas de semeadura. Nessa região, a semeadura de cevada preta deve ser com 300 sementes m-2 com aplicação de 80 kg N ha-1 para obter melhores rendimentos de grãos sob condições de sequeiro.

Palavras-chave: Hordeum distichum L.; densidade de plantas; fertilização com uréia; agricultura dependente da chuva.

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Publicado

2024-02-27

Como Citar

Kalee , H. H. H. . A. ., & Raheem, A. H. . (2024). SEEDING RATE AND NITROGEN FERTILIZER LEVEL FOR BLACK BARLEY UNDER RAIN-FED CONDITIONS. Nativa, 12(1), 172–178. https://doi.org/10.31413/nat.v12i1.16993

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Seção

Agronomia / Agronomy

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