BROAD BEAN (Vicia faba L.) CROP GROWTH AND YIELD RESPONSE TO HUMIC ACID AND PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZER
DOI:
10.31413/nat.v11i3.16181Palavras-chave:
Faba bean cultivars, organic fertilization, phosphate fertilizationResumo
A field experiment was conducted during the winter growing season in the field of the directorate of agriculture in Kirkuk Governorate, Iraq to investigate the two broad bean cultivars (Fava da Orto and Luz de Otono) crop growth and yield response to three levels of humic acid (0, 20 and 40 kg ha-1 Potassium humate) as soil application and three phosphorus fertilizer levels (80,120 and 160 kg P2O5 ha-1). A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was used in this experiment laid out. The results showed that the two cultivars did not differ significantly in most of the studied traits, Luz de Otono cultivar is significantly superior in the leaf content of chlorophyll a and b, while the Fava da Orto cultivar is significantly superior in plant seed yield. An increasing application of humic acid up to 40 kg ha-1 Potassium humate and phosphorus fertilizer levels up to 160 kg P2O5 ha-1 significantly reduced the number of days to 50% flowering and first pod appearance. In contrast, significantly increased leaf area and leaf area index, leaves the content of chlorophyll a, b and total, plant dry matter, leaves nitrogen and phosphorus percentage, pod length, plant seed yield, seeds nitrogen and phosphorus percentage and seeds protein percentage. Binary interaction between Fava da Orto cultivar with 40 kg ha-1 Potassium humate and 160 kg P2O5 ha-1, 40 kg ha-1 Potassium humate with 160 kg P2O5 ha-1 and triple interaction among Fava da Orto cultivar, 40 kg ha-1 Potassium humate and 160 kg P2O5 ha-1 significantly gave the highest value in most of the studied traits, especially plant seed yield and seeds protein percentage. We can conclude that crop growth and seed yield for two tested broad bean cultivars were a high response to the high levels of humic acid and phosphorus fertilizer used in this study at the experiment location due to the low soil content in organic matter and mineral elements.
Keywords: Faba bean cultivars; organic fertilization; phosphate fertilization.
Crescimento da cultura de fava (Vicia faba L.) e resposta da produtividade ao ácido húmico e fertilizante fosfatado
RESUMO: Um experimento de campo foi conduzido durante a estação de cultivo de inverno no campo da diretoria de agricultura na província de Kirkuk, Iraque, para investigar o crescimento da cultura e a resposta do rendimento de duas cultivares de fava (Fava da Orto e Luz de Otono) a três níveis de ácido húmico (0, 20 e 40 kg ha-1 Humato de potássio) como aplicação no solo e três níveis de fertilizante fosfatado (80,120 e 160 kg P2O5 ha-1). Neste experimento foi utilizado um delineamento em blocos completos casualizados (RCBD) com três repetições. Os resultados mostraram que as duas cultivares não diferiram significativamente na maioria das características estudadas, a cultivar Luz de Otono é significativamente superior no teor foliar de clorofila aeb, enquanto a cultivar Fava da Orto é significativamente superior no rendimento de sementes das plantas. Uma aplicação crescente de ácido húmico até 40 kg ha-1 Os níveis de humato de potássio e fertilizantes fosfatados até 160 kg P2O5 ha-1 reduziram significativamente o número de dias para 50% da floração e do aparecimento da primeira vagem, enquanto aumentaram significativamente a área foliar e a área foliar índice, teor de clorofila a, b e total nas folhas, matéria seca da planta, porcentagem de nitrogênio e fósforo nas folhas, comprimento das vagens, produtividade de sementes das plantas, porcentagem de nitrogênio e fósforo nas sementes e porcentagem de proteína nas sementes. Interação binária entre a cultivar Fava da Orto com 40 kg ha-1 de humato de potássio e 160 kg de P2O5 ha-1, 40 kg ha-1 Humato de potássio com 160 kg de P2O5 ha-1 e tripla interação entre a cultivar Fava da Orto, 40 kg ha-1 Humato de potássio e 160 kg P2O5 ha-1 proporcionaram significativamente os valores mais elevados na maioria das características estudadas, especialmente no rendimento de sementes e na porcentagem de proteína das sementes. Podemos concluir que o crescimento da cultura e a produção de sementes para duas cultivares de fava testadas foram uma resposta elevada aos altos níveis de ácido húmico e fertilizante fosfatado utilizados neste estudo no local do experimento, devido ao baixo teor de matéria orgânica e elementos minerais do solo.
Palavras-chave: cultivares de Fava; fertilização orgânica; fertilização fosfatada.
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