Uso e ocupação do solo em Área de Preservação Permanente (APP) no município de Vacaria/RS

Abstract

Discussions, knowledge, and actions on the conservation of forest remnants and the restoration of degraded environments in Permanent Preservation Areas (APP) have increased all over the world. In this sense, this work aimed to carry out an environmental analysis of the use and occupation of the soil in a Permanent Preservation Area, according to Law 12.651/2012, in the county of Vacaria / RS. Regarding the methodology, areas of permanent preservation of water resources and geomorphology (declivity) were used. Some data, such as the springs in the municipality and the size of the properties, were obtained from the National Rural Environmental Registry System. In this sense, it appears that many APPs have been transformed and occupied, causing environmental and social damage. The sum of APP areas in this study totaled 21,815.79 hectares, including springs, water resources and slope. Thus, comparing with the total area of the county, we have a total of approximately 10% APP. There are verified impacts both in urban and rural areas, in a total of 56% of the APP. These areas are extremely important, as they provide riparian maintenance, hydric, ecological, and edaphic balance, as well as being of vital importance for the formation of vegetation corridors that may come to unite the forest fragments throughout the territory. Therefore, it is concluded that it is fundamental that appropriate policies and regulations be adopted for the use and occupation of the APP in Vacaria-RS, with the objective of minimizing the negative impacts, mainly in agricultural areas.