SELEÇÃO EM FEIJÃO-CAUPI VISANDO OBTENÇÃO DE LINHAGENS EXTRAPRECOCES

Resumo

A precocidade geralmente é medida pelo período que vai da semeadura ao início da maturidade. Com esse trabalho selecionaram-se progênies para extraprecocidade. O material genético constituiu-se de 162 progênies F2:3, selecionadas de um cruzamento dialélico completo, com cinco genitores. As progênies F2:3 foram avaliadas em dois experimentos em delineamento látice simples 9 x 9 com os cinco genitores como tratamentos adicionais. Nesses experimentos foram realizadas seleções entre e dentro de progênies, sendo selecionadas 81 plantas individuais. Cada planta individual passou a constituir uma progênie F3:4. A partir dessas progênies realizaram-se dois experimentos em látice simples 9 x 9, com dois dos genitores mais precoces como tratamentos adicionais. Um experimento foi realizado com as progênies F3:4 e o outro com progênies F3:5, obtidas das progênies anteriores. Todas as progênies apresentaram diferenças significativas em todos os experimentos. As herdabilidades realizadas e as estimativas dos ganhos genéticos realizados são menores do que os valores preditos para todos os caracteres. De acordo com os ganhos genéticos é possível obter progênies mais precoces do que o genitor mais precoce.

Palavras-chave: Vigna unguiculata, tratamento adicional, látice, herdabilidade, ganho genético.

SELECTION IN COWPEA AIMED AT OBTAINING EXTRA EARLY MATURING LINES

ABSTRACT:

The precocity is usually measured by the period from sowing to maturity of the first pods in the plant or in the plot. This work aimed to select extra early maturing lines. The genetic material has been consisting of 162 progenies F2:3, selected from a complete diallel design with five parents. The progenies F2:3 were evaluated in two experiments in simple lattice design 9 x 9 with the five parents as additional treatments. In these experiments were conducted selections among and within progenies, being selected 81 individual plants. Each individual plant has become a progeny F3:4. These progenies were evaluated in two experiments conducted in sequence in simple lattice design 9 x 9, with the two earlier maturing parents as additional treatments. An experiment was carried out with progenies F3:4 and the other with progenies F4:5, these with seeds obtained without selection from the progenies of the previous experiment. Individual and joint analyses of variance showed significant differences between progenies. The estimated and realized heritability and genetic gain were calculated and heritability and genetic gains realized were always lower than those estimated in all the characters. Nevertheless the results indicate that possible by selection obtain progenies earlier than the earliest parent.

Keywords: tropical fruit, conservation, quality, shelf life.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/2318-7670.v05n04a04