AVALIAÇÃO DA FARINHA DE MELÃO NA SUBSTITUIÇÃO DO FUBÁ EM TAMBAQUI: DESEMPENHO E METABOLISMO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31413/nat.v14i4.21452Palavras-chave:
Alimento alternativo, Colossoma macropomum, Cucumis melo L.Resumo
O estudo avaliou os efeitos da substituição do fubá de milho por farinha de melão (Cucumis melo L.) como fonte de carboidrato na alimentação de alevinos de tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum). Foram utilizados 120 alevinos, com peso inicial médio de 3,01 ± 0,13 g, distribuídos em quatro dietas com 0 (controle), 33, 66 e 100% de substituição, em triplicata (10 peixes por tanque), durante 45 dias. Ao final, foram analisados o desempenho de crescimento, os metabólitos e a atividade de enzimas digestivas. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA), seguida do teste de Tukey (P<0,05) e análise de regressão. Os maiores valores de ganho de peso e de taxa de crescimento específico, e a menor conversão alimentar, foram observados nos tratamentos com 0 e 33% de substituição. Níveis mais elevados de farinha de melão aumentaram o colesterol plasmático e reduziram os níveis de aminoácidos livres e de glicogênio hepático. Além disso, dietas com substituição de 66 a 100% elevaram a atividade da enzima aspartato aminotransferase hepática. Conclui-se que a farinha de melão pode substituir o fubá de milho em até 33% nas dietas de alevinos de tambaqui, sem comprometer o desempenho produtivo e a eficiência alimentar, o que a apresenta como uma fonte alternativa de carboidratos.
Palavras-chave: alimento alternativo; Colossoma macropomum; Cucumis melo L.
Evaluation of melon flour in replacing cornmeal in tambaqui: performance and metabolism
ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the effects of replacing cornmeal with melon flour (Cucumis melo L.) as a carbohydrate source in the diet of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) fingerlings. One hundred and twenty fingerlings, with an average initial weight of 3.01 ± 0.13 g, were used, distributed into four diets containing 0% (control), 33%, 66%, and 100% substitution, in triplicate (10 fish per tank), for 45 days. At the end, growth performance, metabolites, and digestive enzyme activity were analyzed. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Tukey's test (P<0.05) and regression analysis. The best results for weight gain, daily gain, and feed conversion were observed in the treatments with 0% and 33% substitution. Higher levels of melon flour increased plasma cholesterol and reduced free amino acids and hepatic glycogen. Furthermore, diets with 66 to 100% substitution increased hepatic aspartate aminotransferase enzyme activity. It is concluded that melon flour can replace cornmeal by up to 33% in the diet of tambaqui fingerlings, without compromising growth performance and feed efficiency, representing an alternative source of carbohydrates.
Keywords: alternative food; Colossoma macropomum; Cucumis melo L.
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