EVALUACIÓN FÍSICO-QUÍMICA Y ORGANOLÉPTICA DE CAFÉ ARÁBIGO SOMETIDO A FERMENTACIÓN CONTROLADA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31413/nat.v13i4.20393Palavras-chave:
café, fermentación, ABTS, DPPH, FRAP, polifenolesResumo
El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar el efecto de la adición de las cepas S-33 y S-04 de Saccharomyces cerevisiae y de Lactobacillus casei en la fermentación controlada, con el fin de determinar los atributos fisicoquímicos del café verde y su efecto en las características organolépticas. Haciendo uso de un modelo estadístico completamente al azar. Tanto para la cuantificación de polifenoles totales como para la de antioxidantes, los resultados se expresaron en mg EAc. gálico/mL de extracto. Para la determinación de DPPH, FRAP se utilizó como estándar Trolox (µmol ET/mL de extracto). Según la prueba de Tukey (P < 0.05), no se determinó diferencia estadísticamente significativa en la determinación de sólidos solubles (°Brix), pH, polifenoles totales y antioxidantes por ABTS y FRAP. Por otra parte, se halló diferencia estadística de actividad antioxidantes mediante DPPH, así como para los atributos organolépticos, los cuales muestran que el tratamiento S. cerevisiae S-33 con L. casei, se caracterizaron por tener mayor dulzor, cuerpo, acidez, presentando una alta correlación lineal positiva con una asociación directa con estos atributos y su actividad antioxidante; esto puede deberse a que los fenoles del café son hidrófilos, por lo cual se observaron diferencias para DPPH, y que implica un aspecto determinante en la actividad antioxidante a efectos del proceso de determinación de antioxidantes y la obtención de sus características sensoriales.
Palabras clave: café; fermentación; ABTS; DPPH; FRAP; polifenoles.
Physicochemical and organoleptic evaluation of arabica coffee subjected to controlled fermentation
ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to identify the independent effect of the addition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae S-33 and S-04 strains and Lactobacillus casei on the physicochemical attributes of green coffee. Using a completely random statistical model. For both the quantification of total polyphenols and antioxidants, results were expressed as milligrams of gallic acid equivalent per milliliter of extract. For DPPH determination, FRAP was used as the Trolox standard. According to the Tukey test (P < 0.05), there was no statistically significant difference in the present study for the determination of soluble solids (or °Brixx), pH, total polyphenols, antioxidants by ABTS and FRAP. On the other hand, statistical differences were found in antioxidants using DPPH, as well as for organoleptic attributes, which show that the S. cerevisiae S-33 treatment with L. casei was characterized by greater sweetness, body, and acidity, presenting a high positive linear tension, and a direct association with these attributes. This may be due to the fact that coffee phenols are hydrophilic, which is why differences were observed for DPPH, which implies a determining aspect in the processes of determining antioxidants. And better sensory attributes through the addition of microorganisms
Palavras-chave: coffee; fermentation; ABTS; DPPH; FRAP; polyphenols.
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