PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PRETREATMENTS ON GERMINATION EFFICIENCY AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF Cannabis sativa

Autores

  • Shuang Guo shuang_guo234@mju.ac.th
    Organic Agriculture Management, International College, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6722-8216
  • Tawan Chatsungnoen tawan_chatsungnoen342@mju.ac.th
    Organic Agriculture Management, International College, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. / Maejo University Phrae Campus, Mae Sai, Rong Kwang District, Phrae, Thailand. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7083-1147
  • Krittiya Tongkoom krittiya_tongkoom1453@mju.ac.th
    Organic Agriculture Management, International College, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. / International Industry and Agriculture Innovation Research Center, International College, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0843-6418
  • Prakash Bhuyar prakash@mju.ac.th
    Organic Agriculture Management, International College, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. / International Industry and Agriculture Innovation Research Center, International College, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0593-8183

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31413/10.31413/nat.v14i1.20226


Palavras-chave:

dormancy, seed vigor, emergence, propagation, stress response

Resumo

Pré-tratamentos físicos e químicos na eficiência da germinação e no crescimento de mudas de Cannabis sativa

 

RESUMO: A dormência das sementes limita a germinação rápida e uniforme de Cannabis sativa, restringindo seu cultivo e propagação em larga escala. Este estudo avaliou os efeitos de pré-tratamentos físicos, químicos e avançados das sementes, incluindo imersão em água quente, priming nutricional, ultrassonicidade, radiação por micro-ondas e métodos convencionais selecionados, sobre o desempenho da germinação, o vigor das plântulas e os atributos fitoquímicos. Foram avaliados a porcentagem de germinação, o tempo médio de germinação (TMG), o comprimento das plântulas, a biomassa, o índice de vigor das plântulas (IVP), o teor de fenólicos totais (TFT) e a atividade antioxidante. A ultrassonicção por 20 min foi o tratamento mais eficaz, com 86,66% de germinação, TMG de 2,84 dias e IVP de 852,46. A imersão em água quente apresentou a maior germinação (93,33%), porém, com menor IVP (284,32), enquanto o priming nutricional com nitrato de potássio e cloreto de cálcio resultou no maior IVP (924,89), apesar de um TMG mais longo (4,57 dias). O tratamento por micro-ondas (15-20 min) melhorou significativamente a germinação e o conteúdo fitoquímico, sendo que 15 min proporcionaram 73,33% de germinação e atividade antioxidante elevada. A escarificação mecânica, o peróxido de hidrogênio e o calor seco foram ineficazes. O maior TFT (9,22 ± 0,34 mg EAG g⁻¹) foi obtido com micro-ondas. Esses resultados destacam pré-tratamentos escaláveis e eficientes para otimizar a propagação de C. sativa e seu potencial bioativo.

Palavras-chave: dormência; vigor das sementes; emergência; propagação; resposta ao estresse.

 

ABSTRACT: Seed dormancy in Cannabis sativa constrains large-scale cultivation and propagation by limiting uniform and rapid germination. This study evaluated the effects of physical and chemical seed pretreatments, including hot water soaking, nutrient priming, ultrasonication, microwave radiation, and selected conventional methods, on germination performance, seedling vigor, and phytochemical attributes. The methods assessed germination percentage, mean germination time (MGT), seedling length, biomass, seedling vigor index (SVI), total phenolic content (TPC), and antioxidant activity. The results revealed that ultrasonication for 20 min proved the most effective method overall, achieving 86.66% germination, an MGT of 2.84 days, and an SVI of 852.46. Hot water soaking produced the highest germination percentage (93.33%) but a lower SVI (284.32), while nutrient priming with potassium nitrate and calcium chloride resulted in the highest SVI (924.89) despite a longer MGT (4.57 days). Microwave pretreatment (15-20 min) significantly enhanced germination and phytochemical content, with 15 min yielding high antioxidant activity and 73.33% germination. Mechanical scarification, hydrogen peroxide, and dry heat were largely ineffective. Microwave treatment produced the highest TPC (9.22 ± 0.34 mg GAE g⁻¹). These results highlight several effective, scalable pretreatments for improving C. sativa propagation and bioactive compound potential.

Keywords: dormancy; seed vigor; emergence; propagation; stress response.

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Publicado

2026-01-14

Edição

v. 14 n. 1 (2026)

Seção

Agronomia / Agronomy

Como Citar

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PRETREATMENTS ON GERMINATION EFFICIENCY AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF Cannabis sativa. (2026). Nativa, 14(1), e20266. https://doi.org/10.31413/10.31413/nat.v14i1.20226

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