MICROPLÁSTICOS EN TRES PLAYAS DEL CORREDOR TURÍSTICO DEL NORTE, PIURA, PERÚ
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31413/nat.v13i4.20055Palavras-chave:
contaminación marina, sedimentos costeros, polímeros sintéticos, forma y color, espectroscopía RamanResumo
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo estimar la abundancia, las características morfológicas y los tipos de polímeros de microplásticos (MPs) en sedimentos de tres zonas costeras del norte de Perú (Pariñas, Lobitos y Los Órganos) en febrero de 2024. Se recolectaron muestras en las zonas supralitorales e infralitorales, así como en el fondo marino (FM1, FM2 y FM3). Las partículas fueron analizadas mediante técnicas de separación por densidad, observación microscópica y espectroscopía Raman. Los resultados mostraron una mayor concentración de MPs en la zona supralitoral que en la infralitoral, salvo en Lobitos, donde no hubo diferencia. En el fondo marino no se observaron diferencias significativas entre los sitios, aunque se evidenció la presencia de MPs. Predominaron partículas de 20 µm a 1 mm, en forma de fibras, de color negro, azul y transparente. Se identificaron polímeros como el poliestireno (PS), el polipropileno (PP) y la fibra de carbono (FC). Los hallazgos reflejan una distribución heterogénea, posiblemente influenciada por factores ambientales y actividades humanas.
Palabras-clave: contaminación marina; sedimentos costeros; polímeros sintéticos; forma y color; espectroscopía Raman.
Microplastics on three beaches of the Northern Tourist Corridor, Piura, Peru
ABSTRACT: This study aimed to estimate the abundance, morphological characteristics, and types of polymers of microplastics (MPs) in sediments from three coastal zones in northern Peru (Pariñas, Lobitos, and Los Órganos) during February 2024. Samples were collected from the supralittoral, infralittoral, and seabed zones (FM1, FM2, and FM3). The particles were analyzed using density separation techniques, microscopic examination, and Raman spectroscopy. The results showed higher concentrations of MPs in the supralittoral zone compared to the infralittoral zone, except in Lobitos, where no significant difference was observed. In the seabed samples, there were no significant differences among sites, although the presence of MPs was confirmed. The predominant particles measured 20 µm to 1 mm, with fiber shapes and colors such as black, blue, and transparent. Identified polymers included polystyrene (PS), polypropylene (PP), and carbon fiber (CF). The findings reflect a heterogeneous distribution of MPs, possibly influenced by environmental factors and human activities.
Keywords: marine pollution; coastal sediments; synthetic polymers; shape and color; Raman spectroscopy.
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