BLUE LIGHT PROMOTES GERMINATION AND PROTOCORM DEVELOPMENT IN ASYMBIOTIC GERMINATION OF Phaius tankervilleae (Banks) Blume ‘Alba’
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31413/nat.v13i4.19713Palavras-chave:
light quality, orchid, terrestrial orchid, light spectrumResumo
A luz azul promove a germinação assimbiótica e o desenvolvimento do protocormo de Phaius tankervilleae (Banks) Blume ‘Alba’
RESUMO: Phaius tankervilleae ‘alba’ é uma espécie de orquídea altamente ornamental, classificada como rara e ameaçada de extinção em diversos países. Para desenvolver um método eficiente de propagação in vitro, este estudo investigou os efeitos da qualidade da luz na germinação das sementes e no desenvolvimento dos protocormos. As sementes foram cultivadas em meio VW sob diferentes condições de luz, incluindo escuridão, LED branco frio, luz branca fria, luz branca quente, luz azul, luz vermelha, luz verde e luz amarela fluorescente, durante três meses. A maior taxa de germinação (91,3%) foi observada sob luz fluorescente azul, seguida de perto pela luz fluorescente vermelha (86,0%), sem diferença significativa entre as duas. Notavelmente, a luz fluorescente azul também promoveu a maior porcentagem de protocormos em estágios avançados (estágios 3 e 4), com 28,3%. Embora a luz fluorescente verde tenha resultado em menor taxa de germinação (61,0%), induziu uma taxa comparável de protocormos em estágios avançados (25,0%), sem diferença significativa em relação ao tratamento com luz azul. Em contraste, as sementes cultivadas no escuro apresentaram a menor taxa de germinação (18,7%) e a maior proporção de protocormos mortos (12,3%). A mortalidade dos protocormos também foi observada sob luz fluorescente branca fria, verde e amarela. Os resultados indicam que a qualidade da luz afeta significativamente a germinação das sementes e o desenvolvimento dos protocormos em P. tankervilleae ‘alba’, sendo a luz fluorescente azul a mais eficaz para promover a propagação in vitro.
Palavras-chave: qualidade da luz; orquídea; orquídea terrestre; espectro de luz; meio VW.
ABSTRACT: Phaius tankervilleae ‘alba’ is a highly ornamental orchid species listed as a rare and endangered species in several countries. To develop an efficient in vitro propagation method, this study investigated the effects of light quality on seed germination and protocorm development. Seeds were cultured on VW medium under various light conditions, including darkness, cool white LED, cool white, warm white, blue, red, green and yellow fluorescent lamps, for three months. The highest germination rate (91.3%) was observed under blue fluorescent light, followed closely by red fluorescent light (86.0%), with no significant difference between the two. Notably, blue fluorescent light also promoted the highest percentage of advanced-stage protocorms (stage 3+4) at 28.3%. Although green fluorescent light resulted in a lower germination rate (61.0%), it induced a comparable rate of advanced-stage protocorms (25.0%), not significantly different from the blue light treatment. In contrast, seeds cultured in darkness exhibited the lowest germination rate (18.7%) and the highest proportion of dead protocorms (12.3%). Protocorms' mortality was also observed under cool white, green and yellow fluorescent lights. The results indicate that light quality significantly affects seed germination and protocorm development in P. tankervilleae ‘alba’, with blue fluorescent light being the most effective for promoting successful in vitro propagation.
Keywords: light quality; orchid; terrestrial orchid; light spectrum; VW medium.
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