CARQUEJA AND TOLA HIGH-ANDEAN PLANTS - PERU: APPROXIMATION OF THEIR BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN AQUEOUS AND ETHANOLIC EXTRACT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31413/nat.v13i4.19299Palavras-chave:
Baccharis trimera, Parastrephia lepidophylla, polyphenols, antioxidant, flavonoidsResumo
Carqueja e Tola plantas altoandinas - Peru: Aproximação de seus compostos bioativos em extrato aquoso e etanólico
RESUMO: As plantas Carqueja (Baccharis trimera) e Tola (Parastrephia lepidophylla) são usadas pelos habitantes para aliviar diferentes males. Este estudo avalia polifenóis totais, atividade antioxidante e flavonoides nos extratos aquosos e etanólicos. Tola apresentou maior concentração de polifenóis totais em comparação com Carqueja em extratos etanólicos (350,065 e 56,355 mg de ácido gálico/g DW, respectivamente). O extrato etanólico de Tola mostrou atividade antioxidante superior, conforme evidenciado pelos ensaios DPPH e ABTS com média de 46.165 mg de equivalente de Trolox/g DW (20 g/200 mL 80% etanol) e 249.815 mg de equivalente de Trolox/g DW (15 g/200 mL 80% etanol) do extrato etanólico de Tola demonstrou uma média de 298.86 mg de Quercetina equiv/g DW em flavonoides totais. Além disso, a análise por HPLC detectou a presença de ácido clorogénico e de quercetina, ácidos fenólicos que podem contribuir para a atividade antioxidante observada. Os espectros de FTIR revelaram picos característicos indicando a presença de compostos fenólicos associados a proteínas e carboidratos em ambos os extratos vegetais. Em conclusão, os extratos etanólicos de Carqueja e Tola apresentam níveis significativos de polifenóis totais, atividade antioxidante e flavonoides totais, destacando seu potencial como fontes de compostos bioativos.
Palavras-chave: Baccharis trimera; Parastrephia lepidophylla; polifenóis; antioxidantes; flavonoides.
ABSTRACT: Carqueja (Baccharis trimera) and Tola (Parastrephia lepidophylla) plants are used by inhabitants to alleviate different ills. This study evaluates total polyphenols, antioxidant activity, and flavonoids in the aqueous and ethanolic extracts. Tola exhibited a higher concentration of total polyphenols compared to Carqueja in ethanolic extracts (350.065 and 56.355 mg of Gallic Acid/g DW, respectively). The ethanolic extract of Tola showed superior antioxidant activity, as evidenced by DPPH and ABTS assays with mean 46.165 mg Trolox Equivalent/g DW (20 g/200 mL 80% ethanol) and 249.815 mg Trolox Equivalent/g DW (15 g/200 mL 80% ethanol), respectively. Carqueja showed lower values in both analyses. The ratio (20 g/200 mL) of the ethanolic extract of Tola demonstrated a mean of 298.86 mg of Quercetin equiv/g DW in total flavonoids. Additionally, HPLC analysis detected the presence of chlorogenic acid and quercetin, phenolic acids that may contribute to the observed antioxidant activity. FTIR spectra revealed characteristic peaks indicating the presence of phenolic compounds associated with proteins and carbohydrates in both plant extracts. In conclusion, the ethanolic extracts of Carqueja and Tola exhibit significant levels of total polyphenols, antioxidant activity, and total flavonoids, highlighting their potential as sources of bioactive compounds.
Keywords: Baccharis trimera; Parastrephia lepidophylla; polyphenols; antioxidant; flavonoids.
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