PHENOLIC COMPOSITION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OILS FROM THE FRUIT PULP OF THE ARGAN TREE

Autores

  • Larbi El Hammari elhammarilarbi@gmail.com
    Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Materials, Faculty of Science, University Mohammed-V, Av. Ibn Battouta, BP 1014 Agdal-Rabat, Morocco. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3694-353X
  • Miloudi Hilali hilali400@yahoo.com
    Laboratory of Plant Chemistry and Organic and Bioorganic Synthesis, University Mohammed-V, Agdal-Rabat, Morocco. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2062-2969
  • Ahmed Lebkiri lebkiriahm@yahoo.com
    Laboratory of Organic Synthesis and Extraction Processes, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Tofail, PO Box 133 – 14000 - 16 Kenitra, Morocco. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0593-0074

DOI:

10.31413/nativa.v11i2.15321

Palavras-chave:

essential oils, bio-active components, polyphenols, pulp

Resumo

The study of the chemical composition of essential oils, the pulp of argan leachate, the phenolic compounds and the identification of the biological activity of secondary metabolites making it possible to increase the industrial and commercial value of the argan tree in the field of cosmetics, therapeutics and nutraceuticals and to allow the protection of the argan tree and the extension of the arganieraie. After the extraction and purification of the polyphenolic compounds and the essential oils of the argan fruit pulp, we used high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and UV spectroscopy (LC/UV/MS). This technique allowed us to identify 16 phenolic compounds by comparing their LC/MS mass spectrum and their retention time with literature data. The main phenolic compounds found in the fruit of the argan tree are phenolic acids, flavonoids-O-rhamnoglucosides, flavonoids-O-glycosides, flavan-3-ols and flavones. Our results also show that the pulp contains a latex which is a polyisoprene whose structure has been elucidated. Furthermore, the GC/MS analysis of the chemical composition of the essential oils of the fruit pulp of the argan tree has identified several terpenes, the majority of which are camphor, 1,8-cineode and borneol. The presence of camphor in appreciable quantity in the fruit pulp of the argan tree is very interesting because it has an insecticidal activity, these activities could be valorized on the industrial level. The essential oil of the fruit pulp of the argan tree contains phenolic compounds with antioxidant effect and terpenes with insecticidal effect can lead to its use in phytotherapy.

Key words: essential oils; bio-active components; polyphenols; pulp.

 

Composição fenólica e atividade antimicrobiológica de óleos essenciais da polpa do fruto da árvore de Argão

 

RESUMO: O estudo apresenta a composição química dos óleos essenciais, da polpa do lixiviado de argão, dos compostos fenólicos e a identificação da atividade biológica de metabólitos secundários, possibilitando assim aumentar o valor industrial e comercial da árvore de argão nas áreas da cosmética, terapêutica e nutracêuticos, e além disso, permitir a proteção das árvores de argão e a extensão da arganieraie. Após a extração e purificação dos compostos polifenólicos e dos óleos essenciais da polpa do fruto de argão, utilizou-se a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência acoplada à espectrometria de massas e espectroscopia UV (LC/UV/MS). Esta técnica permitiu identificar 16 compostos fenólicos comparando seu espectro de massa LC/MS e seu tempo de retenção com dados da literatura. Os principais compostos fenólicos encontrados no fruto da árvore de argão são ácidos fenólicos, flavonóides-O-ramnoglicosídeos, flavonóides-O-glicosídeos, flavan-3-ols e flavonas. Nossos resultados também mostram que a polpa contém um látex, que é um poliisopreno, cuja estrutura foi elucidada. Além disso, a análise GC/MS da composição química dos óleos essenciais da polpa do fruto da árvore de argão identificou vários terpenos, sendo a maioria cânfora, 1,8-cineode e borneol. A presença de cânfora em quantidade apreciável na polpa do fruto da árvore de argão é muito interessante porque tem atividade inseticida, que poderiam ser valorizadas a nível industrial. O óleo essencial da polpa do fruto da árvore de argão contém compostos fenólicos com efeito antioxidante e terpenos com efeito inseticida podendo levar ao seu uso na fitoterapia.

Palavras-chave: óleos essenciais; componentes bioativos; polifenóis; polpa.

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Publicado

2023-06-12

Como Citar

El Hammari, L. ., Hilali, M. ., & Lebkiri, A. (2023). PHENOLIC COMPOSITION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OILS FROM THE FRUIT PULP OF THE ARGAN TREE. Nativa, 11(2), 143–147. https://doi.org/10.31413/nativa.v11i2.15321

Edição

Seção

Bioprospecção e Biotecnologia / Bioprospecting and Biotechnology