Spatial variations in floristic diversity and carbon storage in arid zone forests of western Rajasthan, India
DOI:
10.34062/afs.v4i4.4591Palavras-chave:
Species diversity, Biomass, Carbon densityResumo
Forests play important roles in conserving biodiversity and sequestering carbon. A study was conducted to monitor changes in vegetation diversity and carbon storage in six blocks (Panchayat Samiti) one in each six desert districts of western Rajasthan during 2013-2015. Thirty forest areas, five each from Aburoad, Bap, Baitu, Bali, Sanchor and Sankara blocks situated in Sirohi, Jodhpur, Barmer, Pali, Jalor and Jaisalmer district, respectively were selected for vegetation study and estimation of carbon storage in vegetations and soils. There were 78 plant species belonging to 31 families. Number of shrub and herbaceous species, population of trees, diversity and richness of herbaceous vegetation and standing biomass carbon were highest in Aburoad. Number of tree species, their girth and shrub height were highest in Sanchor block. Population and diversity of most plant habits were lowest in Bap block. Sankara block indicated lowest standing biomass carbon. Soil bulk density was lowest and per cent soil organic carbon (SOC) was highest in Bali block. Soil carbon stock was highest in Aburoad block and lowest in Baitu block. Rainfall was positively related (P<0.01) to total standing carbon, tree population, herbaceous diversity and richness and SOC stock. Conclusively, variation in rainfall (soil water availability) and soils conditions like bulk density, gravel content and soil texture between studied blocks strongly influenced vegetation composition, diversity and growth and carbon storage in both biomass and soils. These factors needs to be managed to increase forest composition and cover and enhanced carbon sequestration.Referências
Batjes NH (1996) Total carbon and nitrogen in the soils of the world.European Journal of Soil Science, 47(2): 151-163.
Bhandari MM (1990) Flora of the Indian Desert. Jodhpur: Printed by MPS Repros. 435p.
Champion HG, Seth SK (1968) A Revised Survey of the Forest Types of India. New Delhi: The Manager of Publications, 404 p.
Chaudhari PR, Ahire DV, Ahire VD, Chkravarty M, Maity S (2013) Soil Bulk Density as related to Soil Texture, Organic Matter Content and available total Nutrients of Coimbatore. Soil International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 3, Issue 2, ISSN 2250-3153.
Chojnacky DC (1999) Converting tree diameter measured at root collar to diameter at breast height. Journal of Applied Forestry, 14(1):14-16.
Eldridge DJ, Wilson BR (2002) Carbon storage in soil and vegetation in paired roadside sites in the box woodlands of eastern Australia. Australian Forestry, 65(4):268-272.
Fonge BA, Focho DA, Egbe EA, Tening AS, Fongod AN, Neba GA, Mvondo ZA (2011) The effects of climate and edaphic factors on plant colonisation of lava flows on Mount Cameroon. Journal of Ecology and the Natural Environment, 3(8):255-267.
Hicks C, Woroniecki S, Fancourt M, Bieri M, Garcia Robles H, Trumper K, Mant R (2014) The relationship between biodiversity, carbon storage and the provision of other ecosystem services. Cambridge: Critical Review for the Forestry Component of the International Climate Fund.102p.
IPCC 2007.Climate Change Reports WGI, II, III Cambridge university press, UK.
Jobbagy EG, Jackson RB (2000) The vertical distribution of soil organic carbon and its relation to climate and vegetation. Ecological Applications, 10: 423–436.
Kujawski R (2011) Long-term drought effects on trees and shrubs.The center for agriculture, food and the environment.
Kumar A (2009) Vegetation of Rajasthan thar desert. Science 2.0
Lal R (2004) Soil carbon sequestration impacts on global climate change and food security.Science, 304, 1623-1627.
Lavelle M (2014) Your next roadside attraction: carbon storage,http://www.dailyclimate.org/tdcnewsroom/2014/07/roadside-carbon-storage. Accessed on 25th January 2015.
Lv H, Liang Z (2012) Dynamics of soil organic carbon and dissolved organic carbon in Robinapseudoacacia forests. J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr, vol.12 no.4
Magurran AE (1988) London: Croom Helm Limited.Ecological diversity and its measurements, 179p.
McIntyre, D.S. and Loveday, J. 1974. Bulk Density, 38-42: In Methods for analysis of 18 irrigated soils. Tech. Comm. No 54, Comm, J. Loveday (Ed) Bureau of Soils, Commonwealth Agricultural Bureau, Farnham 19 Royal, England.
Nawal K, AlAmin N, Stigter CJ, Tayeb E, Mohammed A (2006) Establishment of Trees for Sand Settlement in a Completely Desertified Environment. Arid Land Research and Management, 2006, no. 20, pp. 209–227. P
Plante AF, Fernandez JM, Haddix ML, Steinweg JM, Conant RT (2011) Biological, chemical and thermal indices of soil organic matter stability in four grassland soils. Soil Biol. Biochem, .43, 1051–1058
Poonia S, Rao AS (2013) Climate change and its impact on Thardesert ecosystem. Journal of Agricultural Physics, 13(1):71-79
Pragasana LA (2015) Total Carbon Stock of Tree Vegetation and its Relationship with Altitudinal Gradient from the Shervarayan Hills Located in India. Journal of Earth Science & Climatic Change, ISSN: 2157-7617
Roux XLe, Bariac T, Mariotti A (1995) Spatial partitioning of the soil water resource between grass and shrub components in a West African humid savanna. Oecologia, Volume 104, Issue 2, pp 147–155.
Saiz H, Alados CL, Pueyo Y (2014) Plant-plant spatial association networks in gypsophilous communities: the influence of aridity and grazing and the role of gypsophytes in its structure. Web Ecology, 14:39-49
Satrio AE, Gandaseca S, Ahmed OH, Muhamad NA (2009) Majid Effect of Precipitation Fluctuation on Soil Carbon Storage of a Tropical Peat Swamp Forest. American Journal of Applied Sciences, 6 (8): 1484-1488, ISSN 1546-9239 © Science Publications.
Schimel DS, Braswell BH, Holland EA, McKeown R, Ojima DS (1994) Climatic, edaphic, and biotic controls over storage and turnover of carbon in soils. Global biogeochemical cycles, 8: 279–293
Shannon CE, Weiner W (1963) The mathematical theory of communication. Urbana, USA: University of Illinoispress. 117p.
Shetty BV, Singh V (1993) Flora of Rajasthan. vol.1-2. Calcutta: Botanical Survey of India. 1246p.
Singh G (2014) Studies on carbon sequestration in different forest types of Rajasthan project completion report. Dehradun, Uttarakhand: Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education. 272p.
Singh K (2015) Effect of land use types on floral diversity and carbon stock in Jodhpur district of Rajasthan. Theses submitted to FRI University, Dehradun for award of Ph. D. degree.
Singh K, Singh G (2015) Roadside vegetation diversity of Jodhpur district and its role in carbon sequestration and climate change mitigation. Advances in Forestry Science,Cuiabá, v.2, n.2, p.23-33, 2015
Singh, S.K., Singh, A.K., Sharma, B.K. and Tarafdar, J.C. 2007. Carbon stock and organic carbon dynamics in soils of Rajasthan, India. Journal of Arid Environment, 68: 408- 421.
Steinbeiss S, Bebler H, Engels C, Temperton V, Buchmann N, Christiane R, Yvonne Y, Baade J, Habekost M, Gleixner G (2008) Plant diversity positively affects short-term soil carbon storage in experimental grasslands. Global Change Biology, 14(12):2937-2949. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01697
Venkanna K, Mandal UK, Raju AJS, Sharma KL, Adake RV, Pushpanjali PBS Masane RN,Venkatravamma K, Babu BP (2014) Carbon stocks inmajor soil types and land-use systems in semiarid tropical region of southern India. Current Science, 106(4):604-611.
Walkley A, Black IA (1934) An examination of the Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter, and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Science, 37(1): 29-38.
Zhang ZH, Hu G, Ni J (2013) Effects of topographical andedaphic factors on the distribution of plant communities in two subtropical karst forests, southwestern China. Journal of Mountain Science, 10(1):95-104. doi:10.1007/s11629-013-2429-7