Desempenho geral da silvicultura de Eucalyptus L'Heritier no Nordeste do Brasil

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of the eucalyptus forestry sector in Northeast Brazil, based on timber production and planting units per state. Biennial data (2021-2022) on timber production by segment and number of eucalyptus planting units were obtained from the electronic platform of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, cluster analysis by the Euclidean dissimilarity effect, Kendall's non-parametric correlation test, and an unweighted composite aggregate index (Iȓ), based on the Sauerbeck Index method. Statistical analyses were performed using ActionStat 3.6/R®. It was observed that the charcoal segment, in terms of variation in nominal production and productivity, followed by logs for other purposes, showed the greatest support among the segments. These segments showed a strong positive correlation with each other (τ² = 65.2%), although forming distinct subgroups through cluster analysis based on their relative variations. The performance index of the forestry sector was extremely low (Iȓ = 0.026). The dynamics of planted areas and municipalities participating in eucalyptus cultivation in Northeast Brazil were not equitable among the states, both in terms of their direct sizes and the resulting productivity by timber segment. Therefore, the performance of eucalyptus cultivation in Northeast Brazil during the study period showed a productive dynamic more focused on the timber segment, to the detriment of an unbalanced land structure.