Richness of the Cerrado in Conservation Units: an analysis of tree diversity and structure in the Chapada dos Guimarães National Park - Mato Grosso

Abstract

Anthropogenic actions have significantly impacted the Cerrado, making floristic and phytosociological studies important to understand and describe the diversity of tree species in the biome. The objective of the research was to describe the horizontal structure and calculate the floristic indices Jentsch's Mixture Quotient (QM), Simpson's Index (S'), Shannon's Index (H'), Pielou's Evenness Index (J') and Sorensen similarity (SO), through a forest inventory with sampling sufficiency of 10 sampling units in an area of ​​138.38 ha. A total of 79 species from 37 families were observed, with the highest importance value for the species Tachigali vulgaris. The diametric distribution pattern verified was negative exponential (“inverted J”). Shannon's diversity index (H') and Pielou's evenness index (J') obtained results of 3.63 and 0.83 respectively. 92.06% of individuals are part of classes 1 and 2, measuring a maximum of 15 cm in diameter, 38 species were classified as zoochorous and 28 as anemochorous. The absence of fire records can contribute to the maintenance of species diversity.