![](data:image/png;base64,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)
Óleos essenciais de Blepharocalyx, Nectandra e Piper: atividade sobre fungos apodrecedores de madeira
Nativa, Sinop, v. 10, n. 3, p. 417-422, 2022.
422
MORANDIM, A. D. A.; PIN, A. R.; PIETRO, N. A.;
ALECIO, A. C.; KATO, M. J.; YOUNG, C. M.;
OLIVEIRA, J. E.; FURLAN, M. Composition and
screening of antifungal activity against Cladosporium
sphaerospermum and Cladosporium cladosporioides of
essential oils of leaves and fruits of Piper species. African
Journal of Biotechnology, v. 9, n. 37, p. 6135-6139,
2010. DOI: 10.5897/AJB09.1956.
MORCIA, C.; MALNATI, M.; TERZI, V. In vitro antifungal
activity of terpinen-4-ol, eugenol, carvone, 1, 8-cineole
(eucalyptol) and thymol against mycotoxigenic plant
pathogens. Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A,
v. 29, n. 3, p. 415-422, 2012. DOI:
10.1080/19440049.2011.643458.
NIST/EPA/NIH mass spectral library and search/ analysis
programs. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010.
PÁNEK, M.; REINPRECHT, L.; HULLA, M. Ten Essential
Oils for Beech Wood Protection - Efficacy Against
Wood-destroying Fungi and Moulds, and Effect on
Wood Discoloration. BioResources, v. 9, n. 3, p. 5588-
5603, 2014.
PINHEIRO, C. G.; BIANCHINI, N. H.; BATISTA, B. F.;
PAVLACK, A. S.; MUNIZ, M. F. B., PAVANATO, M.
A.; GOUVEIA, F. N.; REINIGER, L. R. S.;
HEINZMANN, B. M. Hesperozygis ringens (Benth.)
Epling essential oil: antifungal activity and effect on
ergosterol content of wood-decay fungi. Journal of
Essential Oil Research, v. 33, n. 3, p. 265-275, 2021.
https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2020.1840450.
RASBAND, W. S. ImageJ, U. S. National Institutes of
Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA,
https://imagej.nih.gov/ij/.
REINPRECHT, L.; HULLA, M. Colour changes in beech
wood modified with essential oils due to fungal and
ageing-fungal attacks with Coniophora puteana. Drewno, v.
58, n. 194, p. 37-48, 2015. DOI: 10.12841/wood.1644-
3985.114.03.
SCHINDLER, B.; HEINZMANN, B. M. Piper
gaudichaudianum Kunth: seasonal characterization of the
essential oil chemical composition of leaves and
reproductive organs. Brazilian Archives of Biology
and Technology, v. 60, e17160441 2017.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2017160441.
SIDDIQUE, S.; PERVEEN, Z.; NAWAZ, S.; SHAHZAD,
K.; ALI, Z. Chemical composition and antimicrobial
activities of essential oils of six species from family
Myrtaceae. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, v.
18, n. 4, p. 950-956, 2015.
https://doi.org/10.1080/0972060X.2014.935020.
SILVA, D. T.; BIANCHINI, H. H.; MUNIZ, M. F. B.;
HEINZMANN, B. M.; JABIDI, J. Chemical
composition and inhibitory effects of Nectandra grandiflora
leaves essential oil against wood decay fungi. Drewno, v.
59, n. 197, 2016.
http://dx.doi.org/10.12841/wood.1644-3985.C29.10.
SILVA, J. K. R.; ANDRADE, E. H. A.; GUIMARAES, E.
F.; MAIA, J. G. S. R. Essential oil composition,
antioxidant capacity and antifungal activity of Piper
divaricatum. Natural Product Communications, v. 5,
n. 3, p. 477-480, 2010.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578X1000500327.
SILVA, J. K. R. SILVA, N. N.; SANTANA, J. F. S.;
ANDRADE, E. H. A.; MAIA, J. G. S.; SETZER, W. N.
Phenylpropanoid-rich essential oils of Piper species from
the Amazon and their antifungal and anti-cholinesterase
activities. Natural Product Communications, v. 11, n.
12, p. 1907-1911, 2016. DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578X1601101233.
SOIDROU, S. H.; FARAH, A.; SATRANI, B.; GHANMI,
M.; JENNAN, S.; HASSANE, S. O. S.; LACHKAR, M.;
EL ABED, S.; IBNSOUDA KORAICHI, S.; BOUSTA,
D. Fungicidal activity of four essential oils from Piper
capense, Piper borbonense and Vetiveria zizanoides growing in
Comoros against fungi decay wood. Journal of
Essential Oil Research, v. 25, n. 3, p. 216-223, 2013.
https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2013.767758.
STANGERLIN, D. M.; COSTA, A. F. da.; GONÇALEZ, J.
C.; PASTORE, T. C. M.; GARLET, A. Resistência
natural da madeira de três espécies amazônicas
submetidas ao ataque de fungos apodrecedores. Revista
Ciência da Madeira, v. 4, n. 1, p. 15–32, 2013.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0044-59672013000400004.
TOHIDI, B.; RAHIMMALEK, M.; TRINDADE, H.
Review on essential oil, extracts composition, molecular
and phytochemical properties of Thymus species in Iran.
Industrial Crops and Products, v. 134, p. 89–99, 2019.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.02.038.
TRES, J. Rendimento e composição química do óleo
essencial de raízes de
Piper gaudichaudianum
Kunth e atividade fungitóxica
in vitro
. 2017. 85p.
Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia Florestal) -
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2017.
VARSHNEY, V. K.; PANDEY, A.; ONIAL, P. K.;
DAYAL, R. Antifungal activity of phytochemicals from
Eucalyptus hybrid leaves against some plant pathogenic and
wood decay fungi. Archives of Phytopathology and
Plant Protection, v. 45, n. 19, p. 2347-2354, 2012.
https://doi.org/10.1080/03235408.2012.727073.
VICIOLLE, E.; CASTILHO, P.; ROSADO, C. In vitro and
in vivo assessment of the effect of Laurus novocanariensis
oil and essential oil in human skin. International Journal
of Cosmetic Science, v. 34, n. 6, p. 546–550, 2012.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2494.2012.00745.x.
WU, C. L.; CHIEN, S. C.; WANG, S. Y.; KUO, Y. H.;
CHANG, S. T. Structure-activity relationships of
cadinane-type sesquiterpene derivatives against wood-
decay fungi. Holzforschung, v. 59, n. 6, p. 620-627,
2005. https://doi.org/10.1515/HF.2005.100.
XIE, Y.; WANG, Z.; HUANG, Q.; ZHANG, D. Antifungal
activity of several essential oils and major components
against wood-rot fungi. Industrial Crops and Products,
v. 108, p. 278–285, 2017.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.06.041.
ZHANG, Z.; YANG, T.; MI, N.; WANG, Y.; LI, G.;
WANG, L.; XIE, Y. Antifungal activity of monoterpenes
against wood white-rot fungi. International
Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, v. 106, p. 157-
160, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2015.10.018.